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Most evaluations need to investigate what is causing the outcomes and impacts of an intervention. (Some process evaluations assume that certain activities are contributing to intended outcomes without investigating these). Sometimes it is useful to think […]
One of the tasks involved in understanding causes is to check whether the observed results are consistent with a cause-effect relationship between the intervention and the observed impacts. Some of the options for this task […]
One of the three tasks involved in understanding causes is to compare the observed results to those you would expect if the intervention had not been implemented – this is known as the ‘counterfactual’. Many […]
All impact evaluations should include some attention to identifying and (if possible) ruling out alternative explanations for the impacts that have been observed. Options Force Field Analysis: providing a detailed overview of the variety of forces that may […]